1. What is a contradiction to the assumption that early European oil painters portrayed a level of humanism in their work?
(a) Their inability to use humanistic expression in landscapes.
(b) Their omission of male nudes in their paintings.
(c) Their expression of women as either objects or abstractions.
(d) Their use of non-human colors to paint their nudes.

2. What is similar about the images on pages 42 and 43?
(a) They are mostly publicity images aimed at a female viewer.
(b) They are entirely black and white.
(c) They are mostly paintings without titles.
(d) They mostly involve still lifes, not human subjects.

3. Which of the following is an example of how creating a reproduction can change the meaning of a painting?
(a) A publisher of an art history book decides to reproduce images to accompany the text.
(b) An art student attempts to make a reproduction of Da Vinci's "Virgin of the Rocks".
(c) A photographer takes a picture of Da Vinci's the "Virgin of the Rocks" in the National Gallery.
(d) The face of one figure in a group can be isolated in reproduction to become a portrait.

4. According to Berger et al., what social presence does a man command?
(a) A man's social presence is based on his income.
(b) Men have a social presence relative to their ability to see themselves as a sight.
(c) A man's power is relative to how he feels about himself.
(d) A man's power is relative to his size, bearing, and appearance.

5. Which statement summarizes how images are subjective?
(a) An artist represents his own way of seeing, and the viewer sees the art with another way of seeing.
(b) People usually see the same images.
(c) A good artist can pass his way of seeing to the viewer,
(d) Paintings rarely have good titles to define their meaning.