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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Marx and Engels, from what did the bourgeoisie and the proletariat originate?
(a) From strength and weakness, respectively.
(b) From the end of feudalism and from modern society, respectively.
(c) From inheritance and poverty, respectively.
(d) From modern warfare and from industrial efficiencies, respectively.

2. According to Edmund Wilson's account, why didn't Marx and Engels consider Russia as a site of the first revolution?
(a) Russia's economy was agricultural.
(b) Russia had already transitioned from feudalism to capitalism without a war.
(c) Russia did not have fiery leaders to spark a revolution.
(d) Russia had industrialized very quickly, bringing prosperity to the masses.

3. What thinker did Marx return to after he broke with Proudhon?
(a) Saint-Simon.
(b) Hegel.
(c) Michelet.
(d) Rousseau.

4. What were the Soviets NOT calling for in 1905?
(a) Workers' rights.
(b) Eight hour workday.
(c) Freedom of the press.
(d) Women's suffrage.

5. How does Marx distinguish between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in terms of morality?
(a) He says that the bourgeoisie's power subjects the proletariat to the bourgeoisie's morals.
(b) He says that what is right for one class is not right for the other.
(c) He says that the proletariat determines the bourgeoisie's morality based on what the bourgeoisie is afraid of.
(d) He says that the proletariat acknowledges a universal morality, but the bourgeoisie invents its own.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was Engels converted to in Cologne?

2. How does Edmund Wilson describe Marx and Engels' doctrine for intervention in human affairs?

3. Describe Trotsky's early relationship with Lenin.

4. How did Marx first hear of Engels?

5. How do Marx and Engels describe the bourgeoisie?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Marx ultimately find Engels?

2. How does Edmund Wilson say Marx thought about Das Kapital?

3. Describe Lenin's meeting with Trotsky.

4. How did the theory of dialectical materialism by Marx and Engels reflect Hegel's influence?

5. What was Marx' engagement with the Workers' Associations by the time Das Kapital was finished?

6. Where did Marx and Engels apply their theories?

7. What defined the views of Marx and Engels on international relationships between nations?

8. What are the ten points addressed in the Communist Manifesto?

9. Describe Lenin's temperament and methods.

10. Why hadn't Marx and Engels thought that Russia would have the revolution they anticipated?

(see the answer keys)

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