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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did Isaacson claim to be Kennan's strong areas in his training?
(a) International Law and German.
(b) Protocol and foreign cultures.
(c) Language interpretation and religious studies.
(d) International Law and economics.

2. What does Isaacson claim to be the reason that Harriman and Dean Acheson supported making post-war loans to the Soviets?
(a) Both saw the loans as a means of gaining bargaining leverage with the Kremlin.
(b) Both considered loans to be a show of good faith that the U.S. was willing to work with the Soviets in spite of ideological differences.
(c) Both realized that the Soviet economy was unproductive and felt that loans could nudge the Soviets to a market economy.
(d) Both considered that the friendship of the Soviets could be bought.

3. Who wrote the top-secret "recommendations for the use of nuclear weapons"?
(a) Douglas MacArthur.
(b) J. Robert Oppenheimer.
(c) Harry Truman.
(d) Colonel Paul Tibbets.

4. What position did the "Wise Man" who implemented the Lend Lease program eventually take in the Roosevelt administration?
(a) Under Secretary of State.
(b) Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs.
(c) Assistant Secretary of War.
(d) Secretary of Commerce.

5. Which of the "Wise Men" does Isaacson report to have served in active service during WWI?
(a) Averell Harriman, George Kennan, and Dean Acheson.
(b) Chip Bohlen.
(c) Robert Lovett.
(d) John McCloy and Robert Lovett.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what town does Isaacson claim that George Kennan was born?

2. What does Isaacson claim the Secretary of War called Lovett and McCloy?

3. With what country did Bohlen become fascinated during late-night discussions at Harvard?

4. Which of the "Wise Men" does Isaacson report to have negotiated trade deals with leaders of the communist government in Russia in 1922?

5. Who encouraged the United States to rearm and come out of what Isaacson claims to be a period of isolationism following WWI?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Isaacson claim motivated George Kennan to apply for a job with the foreign service?

2. How did Averell Harriman and Robert Lovett come to work together after WWI, according to Isaacson?

3. What experience in John McCloy's background does Isaacson claim gave McCloy the exposure to Henry Stimson that eventually led to McCloy's appointment to the Department of War as a special consultant on German espionage?

4. Which of the "Six Wise Men" does Isaacson indicate attended Harvard Law School?

5. What does Isaacson claim to be Averell Harriman's view regarding Russia building a tier of states friendly to its system in Eastern Europe?

6. Why did Russian soldiers dismantle German factories and send the assets back to their homeland at the end of WWII according to Isaacson?

7. What did Isaacson report regarding a meeting between Averell Harriman and Max Beaverbrook that foretold the change in the balance of power between England and the United States?

8. Which of the "Six Wise Men" attended Yale, according to Isaacson?

9. What military action did Joseph Stalin demand from his British and American allies once the United States entered WWII, according to Isaacson?

10. What were the roles of George Kennan and Chip Bohlen in President Franklin Roosevelt's successful effort to open official diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1933, according to Isaacson?

(see the answer keys)

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