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Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. Harner asserts that shamanism has advanced in areas without technological innovations because:
2. After Harner is awakened from his maikua trance, what is he given?
3. What does the author tell an aspiring shaman to do upon returning from his or her first journey?
4. While working, why must a shaman remain lightly connected to the material environment?
5. Why is Harner afraid to take maikua?
Short Essay Questions
1. In the step-by-step instructions for going on a first shamanic journey that the author supplies for the reader in Chapter 2, how does he ask the participant to prepare?
2. Describe the roles of drumming and rattling in a shaman's work.
3. Describe Harner's experience of spiritually going to a cave beneath a waterfall with a Jivaro shaman.
4. How does Harner say that a shaman can be distinguished from other medicine men?
5. What are some of the similarities Harner notes in first-hand shamanic experiences reported by middle-class Americans?
6. Describe an environment that's conducive to the shaman being most effective while in a shamanic state of consciousness (SSC).
7. What does Akachu question when he and Harner are getting to know each other?
8. How old is shamanism, and what cultures have best preserved this practice?
9. How and why is a shamanic state of consciousness (SSC) achieved?
10. Harner says that apprentice shamans report similarities in how they get out of difficulties. What are some of the difficulties he mentions?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Describe the deep connection between animals and a shaman.How do the special talents associated with a specific species assist a shaman? Offer examples. Can a shaman do his or her work effectively if this connection was not in place? Support your answer with examples from the book.
Essay Topic 2
When the shaman journeys to the Lowerworld, he or she passes through a portal that has a physical component and an imagined aspect. Both are significant to the shaman. Answer the following:
1. What might the Lowerworld portal look like in ordinary or physical reality?
2. How have different shamans seen the portal in non-ordinary reality?
3. What is the significance of passing through the portal into the Lowerworld?
Essay Topic 3
Describe similarities middle-class Americans who try shamanism report regarding the portal to Lowerworld and their firsthand experiences in non-ordinary reality. Why does the author emphasize these similarities? What do they convey regarding the nature of shamanism?
This section contains 915 words (approx. 4 pages at 300 words per page) |
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