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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Harner say that middle-class Americans report experiencing on their shamanic attempts?
(a) Colors.
(b) Temperature changes.
(c) Tunnels.
(d) Euphoria.

2. In his guided, step-by-step instructions for a first journey, Harner instructs the aspiring shaman to eat:
(a) Only seeds and fruit.
(b) Nothing.
(c) Chicken.
(d) Lightly.

3. If SSC stands for shamanic state of consciousness, what does OSC stand for?
(a) Other-worldly shamanic consciousness.
(b) Orthogonal state of consciousness.
(c) Ordinary shamanic consciousness.
(d) Ordinary state of consciousness.

4. What happens in the state a shaman reaches, known as a type of ecstasy?
(a) The soul leaves the body, either ascending or descending.
(b) The shaman taps into perfect bliss.
(c) The shaman's spirit goes on a type of auto-pilot mode.
(d) A higher entity takes over and controls the shaman's body.

5. The author shows that all religious traditions share:
(a) One common origin.
(b) A mistrust of shamans and mysticism.
(c) Similarities in styles of worship.
(d) Mystical and symbolic similarities.

Short Answer Questions

1. The author emphasizes that not all tribes use what in their shamanic practices?

2. Which of the following do reputable shamans NOT do?

3. How do spirit helpers assist the shaman?

4. At the conclusion of the rock-seeing process, after the shaman turns the stones around and examines all sides, what does the shaman do?

5. What is a shaman able to do to restore health in a person with the assistance of appropriate spirit helpers?

Short Essay Questions

1. Harner emphasizes in Chapter 1 that becoming a shaman involves what?

2. Describe an environment that's conducive to the shaman being most effective while in a shamanic state of consciousness (SSC).

3. Harner compares rock-seeing to what Western practices?

4. What are the main functions and activities of a shaman, as described in Chapter 3?

5. Why does the author find it encouraging for Westerners that not all tribes use drugs in their shamanic practices?

6. What are some of the similarities Harner notes in first-hand shamanic experiences reported by middle-class Americans?

7. What does the author say shamans feel about what they see in the non-ordinary reality or shamanic state of consciousness (SSC)?

8. Describe Harner's experience of spiritually going to a cave beneath a waterfall with a Jivaro shaman.

9. Harner says that apprentice shamans report similarities in how they get out of difficulties. What are some of the difficulties he mentions?

10. What is the participant of the exercise in Chapter 2 instructed regarding the end of the journey?

(see the answer keys)

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