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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What kind of rotating Einstein universe does Hawking consider?

2. What final state does Hawking wonder if humanity will ever reach?

3. What kind of energy density might an advanced civilization be able to create?

4. What barrier could wormholes break?

5. What are wormholes?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are wormholes?

2. What does it mean for Hawking to think one can "move" positive vacuum energy?

3. What did Strominger and Vafa postulate in 1996?

4. What is the main question concerning space-time, if one avoids philosophical discussion and focuses on the laws of physics?

5. What did the physicist John Wheeler mean when he said, "a black hole has no hair"?

6. How do cosmic strings relate to space-time?

7. What might p-branes be able to predict?

8. How many books are published a year, and what does Hawking have to say about the good ones?

9. What are three of the things Hawking declares have increased exponentially, doubling every forty years of less?

10. What does Hawking claim might happen if children could gestate outside the womb?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Using Chapter One as an informative text, write an essay on the early life of Albert Einstein. This essay must mark three important events of Einstein's life from 1879 to 1905. Be sure to elaborate on how these three details are connected to Einstein's future involvement in the scientific community.

Essay Topic 2

Hawking's extensive research of black holes has provided us with informative clues for how black holes might actually work. Write an essay that uses Hawking's research to formulate a summary of our knowledge of black holes before and after Hawking's scientific work.

Essay Topic 3

Describe the ether theory. Explain why this theory fell apart and what Einstein's role was in its deconstruction. Be sure to include at least two reasons the ether theory became redundant and unnecessary.

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