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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the purpose of the bowers?

2. Can natural selection explain these traits?

3. Why does a parallel process not exist for men?

4. What other traits are highly connected to sexual attractiveness?

5. How do scientists know that about four millions of years ago the first proto-human hominids began to walk upright?

Short Essay Questions

1. With what does the author conclude?

2. What is the conventional wisdom regarding pre-agricultural hunter-gatherer societies? Is this correct?

3. Describe both Neanderthals.

4. What does Charles Darwin realize about some traits possessed by many organisms?

5. How does Chapter 5 begin?

6. When do various primates break off from the remaining higher primates?

7. What is evident about the human race?

8. What is unusual about human sexuality?

9. By what is the author's biological viewpoint complicated?

10. What is the author's conclusion about art?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The author recapitulates human evolutionary history from the earliest upright hominids to modern humans.

Part 1) Describe the evolution of man. Why do various changes take place? How do these many changes make humans what they are today?

Part 2) Could this evolutionary history be disputed? Why or why not?

Part 3) Will humans continue to evolve? Why or why not? Is each generation of humans evolving? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

One chapter suggests that languages are not unique within humans except to the degree in which they have been developed.

Part 1) What is considered language? According to the author, how is language not completely unique within humans?

Part 2) How do other animals use language to communicate? How do these vocalizations compare to human language?

Part 3) Is it possible for language to continue to develop over time for both humans and other animals? Why or why not? Use the text to support your response.

Essay Topic 3

The book considers whether art is a uniquely human endeavor.

Part 1) What criteria does the author use to decide if something is art. Do you agree that these criteria are necessary when deciding whether or not something is art? Why or why not?

Part 2) Based on what the author states about art, can animals be artists? Why or why not?

Part 3) What is your definition of art? Based on your definition of art, can animals be artists? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

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