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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Another powerful force mentioned by the author was a movement involving black churches. What term is used to describe the movement?

2. The NAACP was working in tandem with which other organization?

3. What two states were controlled by members of the KKK at this time?

4. What was the name of the city that burned?

5. Southern Progressives are credited with helping to elect _____ as President of the US.

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the Jim Crow laws change beginning in 1920?

2. How did racial tensions increase at the end of World War I?

3. Describe the three day siege in New Orleans and why it was an extreme example of white aggression.

4. What group of states announced that it would integrate their schools? What was the opinion of the school systems in the Deep South regarding the time line?

5. Did either party have a leader that stood up to take a strong stand on integration? What was the call put forth at the 1956 conventions?

6. What event precipitated the New Reconstruction? How was compliance enforced?

7. What happened when the courts finally set up a strict implementation plan? Who was in charge?

8. Resistance toward integration in Southern schools began to wane after what event? Which states refused to follow suit?

9. What happened that caused the people opposed to segregation to back down?

10. What was a major missing element in the battle for Progressive reform?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The book makes several references to the landmark case of Oliver Brown v. The Board of Education. The case took place during the height of the racial upheaval in the south in the 1940s and 1950s, mainly in Little Rock, AR. Discuss the court case and all of its details. What was the final decision in the case? When was the case resolved? Do you think that the actions of the Little Rock Nine and their families and friends had a significant impact on the case and the future of southern education? Explain.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss police involvement in the Old South. How did the police react to racial violence? Were the police true to the law or were their actions biased? If the actions were biased, in what way were they biased and by whom? How could the blacks know if the police were on their side? What might have been done to ensure that the police were on hand to protect and serve?

Essay Topic 3

The NAACP has had a great deal of involvement in the civil rights of blacks. Explain how the NAACP got involved, who supported the group, and who was against the NAACP. Write a detailed opinion on your views regarding the NAACP's involvement. Was it a hindrance or a help? Examine the actions and motives of the organization.

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