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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Schopenhauer suggest is a deception of nature that disillusions?
(a) love and marriage
(b) marriage and happiness
(c) beauty and happiness
(d) education and marriage

2. How does the German Bismarck eliminate Europe's delusions, democracy, and ideals?
(a) recognizing that nations are not autonimous.
(b) recognizing that nations have different philosophies
(c) recognizing that nations do not share altruism
(d) recognizing that nations now aid one another

3. What does Kant set out to prove is innate and does not come from experience?
(a) directional sense
(b) religious sense
(c) moral sense
(d) common sense

4. How does Schopenhauer describe his situation?
(a) an artist painting for the blind
(b) a rider without a horse
(c) a musician playing to a deaf audience
(d) a rifle without a bullet

5. What defines Spencer as a man who considers philosophy a generalization of all science?
(a) he is a logical thinker
(b) he studies with Charles Darwin
(c) he comes from a family of thinkers
(d) he in a trained biologist

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Durant say the beginning of Schopenhauer's book contains?

2. What concept does Spencer share with Schopenhauer?

3. What does Bergson uphold that is distinct from the organism, but is limited by its characteristics?

4. What are the second and third volumes of Spencer's work in 1872?

5. Who suggests that whenever philosophy grows in a country its moral health decays?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the implication of Schopenhauer's claim that the world is his idea in his book, The World as Will and Idea?

2. Describe Kant's sequential order of knowledge leading up to an organized life.

3. Briefly discuss Bergson's idea of creative evolution.

4. Describe the competition between Schopenhauer and Hegel.

5. Explain briefly how Russell became agnostic.

6. Briefly describe Spencer's formula of evolution.

7. How does Spencer see his fame?

8. How does Schopenhauer illustrate, along with Aristotle, that the power of will drives plants, animals and man?

9. Describe Schopenhauer's views of youth and old age.

10. Define the difference between the study of science and the study of social studies and political affairs.

(see the answer keys)

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