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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. At the time the author wrote Chapter 5, what was the current theory for the end-Ordovician extinction?

2. When did paleontologists publish a study revealing not just the major five mass extinctions, but many lesser extinction events?

3. What did golden frogs look like when they walk?

4. How long were auk eggs?

5. What type of stone was in the jagged outcropping of Dob's Linn?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Hall-Spencer work until he was able to get funding for his research?

2. How were the frogs protected at the El Valle Amphibian Conservation Center?

3. What is the purpose and design of the Icelandic Institute of Natural History?

4. What deforested Easter Island and how was that conclusion derived?

5. What did the author see as she swam toward volcanic vents off Castello Aragonese?

6. What was Bd and how did it kill frogs?

7. What does the town of El Valle De Anton look like?

8. What were graptolites?

9. What did Charles Darwin do when he finished Cambridge?

10. Where had Bd spread?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Scientists speculate about the future of the earth and humans and a Sixth Extinction. Was a Sixth Extinction inevitable or were there ways that a Sixth Extinction could be averted?

Essay Topic 2

Some scientists believe coral reefs may become extinct. What factors are threatening coral reefs and why might they not survive? Can anything be done to improve the chances of coral reefs surviving?

Essay Topic 3

A new name was proposed for the epoch of humans. What was the new name proposed and why was it more appropriate than other names that were considered?

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