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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How old was Spencer in Chapter 3?

2. What book did Emma Black write that is mentioned in Chapter 1?

3. For what researcher did Spencer work on and off for many years, illustrating hundreds of specimens?

4. How many surgeons worked in Spencer’s program in Chapter 3?

5. During his last year at the academy, how did Spencer devote his time?

Short Essay Questions

1. What other operation was mentioned in Chapter 3?

2. How did Dr. Gregory Black obtain bodies for his medical students?

3. What was known about the English Yew tree?

4. What ideas about evolution would eventually separate Spencer from the rest of the scientific community?

5. What was a nightmare that Spencer wrote about in his journal in Chapter 4?

6. Who were Spencer’s parents?

7. How did Spencer do with his studies in 1869?

8. What did Spencer begin to research in 1869?

9. How did Spencer’s personality change in 1876?

10. What did Spencer think about religion as a child?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Spencer created the Human Renaissance to showcase his collection. What was different about this collection than Spencer’s previous shows? Who were some of the performers? How did Spencer create some of specimens? Did he do experiments on humans?

Essay Topic 2

Spencer Black was a rising young doctor.

a. What made Spencer an internationally known physician?

b. Why did he become scorned by the scientific community?

Essay Topic 3

In Chapter 2, it appeared that Spencer had a bright future. Where was Spencer studying in Chapter 2? How did he get a positive reputation? What changes in medicine were occurring at the time Spencer was in medical school? How did these changes allow him to do well?

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