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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Hegel say is the Divine?

2. What does Spirit represent for the Mind according to Hegel?

3. In Hegel's philosophy, in what way does the Spirit serve a two-fold function?

4. What does Hegel prepare for his readers in the last chapter?

5. What qualities exist in both "no property" and "property" according to Hegel?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to Hegel, how does the individual experience Absolute Knowledge?

2. In Hegel's philosophy, what is the difference between conscience and the moral self-consciousness?

3. What is the two-fold function of Spirit, in Hegel's philosophy?

4. How does Hegel define the artificer?

5. What is the contradiction that governs the self's relationship with morality, in Hegel's view?

6. What is enlightenment and what are its consequences according to Hegel?

7. According to Hegel, what effect does the awareness of death have on the self?

8. What is the effect of Insight on self-consciousness, in Hegel's philosophy?

9. How does Hegel account for self-conflict as an opportunity for the self?

10. How is the Divine Being revealed, in Hegel's philosophy?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In the midst of his discussion of spirit and individuality, Hegel detours into a chapter on property and no property, and even describes communism as an ideal social system for distributing goods. What is the role of this social planning impulse throughout the rest of Phenomenology of Spirit? Is Hegel urging socio-political changes, or is he talking abstractly, or metaphorically, of the soul? How political is Hegel?

Essay Topic 2

According to Hegel, what is the difference between duty, morality, law and art? These things all help the self mediate between subjective self-awareness and existence as an objective thing in the world. How are duty, morality, law, and art different in how they mediate the different stages of the opposition the self encounters?

Essay Topic 3

Hegel invokes the pre-Christian Greek cults as examples of the religious life he imagines. Is his religion pagan or "civilized"? Natural or urban? What values is he returning to by invoking the Greeks? What Christian practices is he discarding?

(see the answer keys)

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