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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Hegel, action turns the external world into an arena where what can come into being?
(a) World-consciousness.
(b) Inner truth.
(c) Historical consciousness.
(d) External reality.

2. In Hegel's philosophy, what does the self want instead of the good and the true?
(a) To know truth in universal terms.
(b) Freedom to follow its desires.
(c) The self wants to be dominated by more powerful forces.
(d) To follow its own law.

3. According to Hegel, what must an individual conquer in order to manifest consciousness and individuality?
(a) The individual must conquer the part of themselves that runs counter to what society needs.
(b) The individual must conquer the animal nature within themselves.
(c) The individual must conquer the society itself.
(d) The individual must conquer necessity and the inevitability of his responses.

4. What did cranioscopy examine?
(a) The form of the skull.
(b) The evolution of the human skull.
(c) The simliarity of skull shapes within families.
(d) The density of the skull.

5. How do objects achieve identity according to Hegel?
(a) Through reflection.
(b) Through determinateness.
(c) Through assertion.
(d) Through self awareness.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is it that indicates something about a person's unique traits, in Hegel's account?

2. What becomes clear as the future becomes the past, according to Hegel?

3. What does Hegel mean by "concrete"?

4. How does Hegel describe force?

5. What does Hegel explain in the introduction of The Phenomenology of Mind?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Hegel define "irritability"?

2. What was the relationship between philosophy and science in Hegel's time?

3. How does Hegel define Reason?

4. What are the stages by which the conscious mind develops, in Hegel's terminology?

5. What are the two meanings Hegel gives to the term "independent self-consciousness"?

6. What is the "conceit of individuality" and what force counters it according to Hegel's philosophy?

7. What are the components of a "concrete individuality" in Hegel's terminology?

8. Why does Hegel describe consciousness as unhappy?

9. What does Hegel mean by saying that consciousness is relational?

10. What qualities does an "organic entity" have according to Hegel?

(see the answer keys)

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