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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What three men is the lock design and engineering largely the work of?
(a) Charles de Lesseps, Edward Schildhauer, and Henry Goldmark.
(b) Lieutenant Colonel Hodges, Edward Schildhauer, and Henry Goldmark.
(c) George W. Goethals, Henry Goldmark, and Lt. Col. Hodges.
(d) Edward Schildhauer, Henry Goldmark, and William H. Welch.

2. Who orders commissaries established immediately, even if this will violate agreements with Panama?
(a) William Howard Taft.
(b) John Stevens.
(c) Theodore Perry Shonts.
(d) Theodore Roosevelt.

3. Thousands of articles create popular view of Canal Zone life, but make no mention of blacks, so government inspectors and fact-finders are amazed to see the entire project depends on what?
(a) Black labor in construction only.
(b) Black labor in the service industries only.
(c) Black labor, both in construction and in the vast service industries.
(d) Black labor in construction and Central American labor in the service industries.

4. "The Man with the Sun in His Eyes," the subtitle for Chapter 18, refers to Theodore Roosevelt's 1906 visit to the isthmus, where he takes everything in how?
(a) Blinded by the sprucing up for his viewing.
(b) With childlike enthusiasm.
(c) It was his initial experience outside the U.S.
(d) Absorbing all during the daytime.

5. Lieutenant Colonel William Crawford Gorgas, despite opposition from bureaucrats, maintains the biggest challenge is what?
(a) The massive amount of paperwork required by Washington.
(b) Accepting a lock vice a sea-level plan.
(c) Conquering yellow fever and malaria.
(d) Getting rid of what is dug from the canal.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who lives to read about the opening of the Panama Canal in their quiet retirements?

2. What does Theodore Roosevelt stress in his autobiography as to his action in Panama?.

3. What is the focus of attention in the final stages?

4. John Stevens feels the Panama Canal can be completed by January 1914, but doubts a sea- level version can be prior to what year?

5. Social life in the Canal Zone during George W. Goethals' era is best described how?

Short Essay Questions

1. How is it the U.S. must come to grips with Article 35 of the Bidack Treaty in regard to Panama?

2. On what issue in the Canal Zone does Theodore Roosevelt place his utmost priority?

3. Which of the three presidents that the Panama Canal is built under is most crucial to it?

4. Where does David McCullough get his subtitle for Chapter 12?

5. Why is Colonel William Crawford Gorgas sent to Panama?

6. What is occurring during the initial stage of U.S. efforts in Panama that culminates in a 1905 event?

7. What is historically significant for Panama about January 15, 1904?

8. Rather than shutting the project down, what are some of the thing implemented by the authoritative new chairman of the ICC, Theodore Perry Shonts?

9. Why is the initial Chief Engineer, John F. Wallace, let go?

10. What is the social life like in Panama for canal workers during Goethals' time?

(see the answer keys)

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