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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. To what degree do hybrids resemble one parent?
(a) Extreme degrees.
(b) Moderate degrees.
(c) Small degrees.
(d) No resemblance.

2. How do scientists explain the presence of the same species in different locations?
(a) Adaptation.
(b) Single species.
(c) Natural selection.
(d) Migration.

3. Why is instinct NOT well-defined?
(a) It is elusive.
(b) It covers too many behaviors.
(c) They change rapidly.
(d) No one can agree on a definition for instinct.

4. When are fossils typically preserved?
(a) In the winter.
(b) During storms.
(c) During earthquakes.
(d) Between periods of geological change.

5. In Geographical Distribution continued, what does Darwin suggest about the rule of natural selection?
(a) It applies to all species.
(b) There is a common ancestor.
(c) It is different on islands.
(d) It does not apply to all species.

Short Answer Questions

1. How do some scientists try to explain the purpose of rudimentary organs?

2. What insect does Darwin offer as an example of having a naturally selected trait that is NOT beneficial?

3. Where is much of the evidence proving natural selection found?

4. What is the general quality of fossils gathered by paleontologists?

5. What does Darwin suggest is the only logical way to classify organisms?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are three facts that can be explained by natural selection as discussed in Chapter 11?

2. How does less competition affect natural selection?

3. How does Darwin explain similarities in embryos?

4. Why do scientists have difficulty determining the effects of two distinct species breeding?

5. What does Darwin suggest about the milking behaviors of ants on some insects?

6. How can the phenomenon of ancient species resembling current living groups be explained?

7. What is a possible explanation for why species migrated from one region to the next?

8. Why is adaptation necessary?

9. What undermines the belief that the infertility of species, when crossed, is the result of Divine institution?

10. How does natural selection explain the behaviors of Formica rufescens?

(see the answer keys)

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