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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What are variations typically related to in complex species?
(a) Organs.
(b) Numbers in the species.
(c) Age of the species.
(d) Environment.

2. In Chapter 8, according to Darwin's example, what domesticated variety is NOT able to reproduce?
(a) Spiders.
(b) Maize.
(c) Ants.
(d) Mongrel.

3. What do some geologists suggest about islands in the Atlantic and the continent of Europe?
(a) They have the same species.
(b) The species are completely different from one another.
(c) They have the same climate.
(d) They were once connected.

4. What species of bees builds inefficient hives?
(a) Hive-bees.
(b) Honeybees.
(c) Bumblebees.
(d) Yellow jackets.

5. When are fossils typically preserved?
(a) During storms.
(b) During earthquakes.
(c) In the winter.
(d) Between periods of geological change.

Short Answer Questions

1. How do scientists explain the presence of the same species in different locations?

2. What is said about the pressure to adapt?

3. Which of the following refers to offspring with parents from two different species?

4. What terms refer to parts that are similar in structure?

5. What does Darwin state is a main difference between first generation mongrels and first generation hybrids?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is a possible explanation for why species migrated from one region to the next?

2. What does Darwin suggest about the milking behaviors of ants on some insects?

3. What is a cause for infertility as discussed in Chapter 8: Hybridism?

4. What are some general rules governing whether or not two species can produce fertile offspring?

5. Why can't climate account for differences in organisms from one region to the next?

6. How does natural selection explain the behaviors of Formica rufescens?

7. How does natural selection explain the lack of links between generations?

8. How does Darwin explain similarities in embryos?

9. Why do rudimentary organs pose a problem for theorists that species were created independently?

10. What are three facts that can be explained by natural selection as discussed in Chapter 11?

(see the answer keys)

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