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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is one example the author uses of a wedge?

2. What happens if the force of upthrust is equal to the weight of an object in water?

3. In flying, what is used to overcome weight from gravity?

4. What controls the movement in a gear system?

5. What is the action of something burning?

Short Essay Questions

1. What rays does the sun emit? How do those rays react to an object?

2. Define combustion. How is combustion used?

3. How does a zipper work?

4. What is a vacuum? What is one invention that uses this principle?

5. How do power crafts control their direction?

6. What is an internal combustion engine? Cite several examples of such engines.

7. How does a ship use plimsoll lines?

8. How is nuclear power generated? What is one naturally occurring nuclear fusion?

9. Discuss what happens when a driving force initiates movement.

10. What does the principle of the conservation of energy state? How does Part 1 relate to that principle?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the following:

1) Define the Principle of Action and Reaction and the Principle of Suction.

2) How is the Principle of Action and Reaction related to a propeller? Explain with examples.

3) How is the principle of suction related to propellers? Explain with examples.

4) How does a sailboat use the principle of suction? How does a sailboat with two triangular sails differ from a sailboat with only one triangular sail with regards to the principle of suction?

5) Do you think the principle of suction applies to using a straw to drink? Explain your response.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the following:

1) Define nuclear fission.

2) Define nuclear fusion.

3) Describe how nuclear power is produced inside a reactor.

4) What is a chain reaction and how is the principle of a chain reaction important in producing nuclear power?

5) How can the principle of a chain reaction be dangerous? Research and see if there have been any instances when a nuclear chain reaction was not controlled and the consequences of such an event.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss the following:

1) How do gears work? Why would you add a belt to a gear? Explain the different ways two gears can work.

2) What is the effect of speed on gears? What about size?

3) Define the four different types of gears and their purposes.

4) Research the history of gears. When were they invented? By whom? Where? How were the first gears made? How are they made today? What materials have they used to make gears in the past? In the present? Are gears still an important tool today?

(see the answer keys)

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