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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The author asserts in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow" that although rural counties contain only 20% of the U.S. population, what percentage of new prison construction occurs there?

2. Who is attributed to the quote in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow," "Nothing in all the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity"?

3. The author notes in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand" that two-thirds of people detained in jails report annual incomes under what amount prior to their arrests?

4. What amount of money can Ohio charge probationers as a supervision fee as a condition of probation, according to the author in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

5. When was Ora Lee Hurley imprisoned for owing a fine, according to the author in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What were the repercussions of Emma Faye Stewart's decision to take a plea deal?

2. What is the "Black Box" that the author refers to in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

3. How does the author describe the crime statistics of Chicago in regard to race in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

4. What is the significance of the Supreme Court decision in McCleskey v. Kemp?

5. How does political disenfranchisement apply to Jim Crow and mass incarceration, according to the author in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

6. What is noted about Frederick Douglass's speech at the National Colored Convention in 1853 in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

7. Why does the author discuss Barack Obama's speech at the Apostolic Church of God in Chicago in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

8. How does the author describe the circumstances of Emma Faye Stewart's arrest in Chapter 3: "The Color of Justice"?

9. When was crack-cocaine introduced to users in the U.S.? What involvement did the government have with the introduction of crack to African American communities?

10. When did Whren v. United States go before the Supreme Court? What was the Court's decision?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Why was Brown v. Board of Education a significant Supreme Court ruling? How did this case change society between African Americans and whites in the South? How did it impact life in the North?

Essay Topic 2

What is "affirmative action" and when did it emerge in the United States? What are the pros and cons of affirmative action? Where does the author stand on this issue? Why?

Essay Topic 3

What are the repercussions a defendant may face for taking a plea deal instead of facing mandatory sentences for drug offenses? What are some of the examples of costs that a defendant may face after trial? How can these costs oppress a former inmate?

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