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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. E.D. Cope thought that _______ Europeans were inferior to others.

2. "______________ proved an irresistible criterion for any scientist who wanted to rank human groups as higher or lower."

3. "G" was considered to be _________.

4. "An anatomical theory for ranking __________ - based on entire bodies, not only on heads, - had been found."

5. Binet believed that not all intelligence was ___________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What does the factor analysis variable 'g' stand for?

2. Binet was also trying to create a test that distinguished between what?

3. What did Louis Bolk have to say about whites and blacks?

4. What were the three facts upon which H.J. Eysenck based his theory of the inferiority of blacks?

5. What was Binet's major worry about the work he was doing with intelligence testing?

6. What did Binet's study of intelligence begin to rely on as opposed to medical measures of intelligence?

7. What did Ellis find happened to men who were living in urban areas?

8. Where did Alfred Binet first begin his study of human intelligence?

9. Was factor analysis the right technique to use in intelligence testing?

10. What was Binet commissions to do in 1904?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

One of the popular craniometry scientists was Robert Bennett Bean. This Virginian physician again tried to find the differences between whites and blacks in order to prove the disparity of intelligence.

Part 1: What did Bean gather data on for his research study?

Part 2: What was Bean claiming as the results of his research? What were the differences between the two races?

Part 3: What were 2 of the 4 arguments Gould had again Bean's research?

Essay Topic 2

David Hume and Louis Agassiz worked on the idea of polygenism as it related to the superiority of the white race. Agassiz especially wanted to prove that blacks were inferior to whites, though his studies were problematic.

Part 1: What was the main idea behind Agassiz's work?

Part 2: What were the problems with Agassiz's study and its results?

Part 3: What were Agassiz's own experiences with blacks like? What was his reaction to those he did finally meet?

Essay Topic 3

For many people, the idea of a scientific study is instantly perceived as being valid and useful to those who read it and understand it. But Gould seems to be attacking the scientific process, or at least, his book might be perceived in that manner.

Part 1: Why does Gould decide to attack the science behind the studies of ranking individuals according to intelligence?

Part 2: In what ways is science affected by those who utilize it for studying certain subjects? Better said, how do the researchers themselves affect the outcomes of their experiments?

Part 3: Do you think a scientific study can ever be completely free of bias? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

This section contains 678 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) View a FREE sample