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1. In the opening of this book, Gould quotes Socrates as saying all people should be educated and that they will belong to whom in order for society to remain stable?

The people of society will belong to either the rulers, auxiliaries, or craftsman class.

2. What is Socrates' idea as to how classes and categories will be formed in relation to people in a society?

Socrates says the people will be assigned a class to be a part of, as determined before they were born, which his friend says is a lie.

3. Describe and define the idea of biological determinism.

Biological determinism is a theory that states biology is what determines your outcome in life and your abilities.

4. How is biological determinism used in regards to the measurement of intelligence of people in society?

Biological determinism is used to rank people, allowing for a measure of value and of worth for each individual.

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