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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The book states that many of the invented traditions are filling the space left by the _____ decline of old tradition and culture.
(a) Practical.
(b) Spiritual.
(c) Religious.
(d) Secular.

2. According to the book, _______ theology undermined the Welsh culture by replacing its symbolism.
(a) Protestant.
(b) Lutheran.
(c) Pagan.
(d) Catholic.

3. The author suggests that all of the concepts in question 26 rest on what he calls social ________.
(a) Construction.
(b) Engineering.
(c) De-construction.
(d) Isolation.

4. Macpherson was responsible for taking Irish ______, and transferring the settings from Ireland to Scotland.
(a) Ballads.
(b) Sonnets.
(c) Poems.
(d) Plays.

5. Hobsbawm claims that Sir Walter Scott and _______ promoted the Highland takeover.
(a) Lieutenant Stewart.
(b) Lieutenant Williams.
(c) Colonel Williams.
(d) Colonel Stewart.

Short Answer Questions

1. The author states that the invention of tradition involves _______ and ritualization with reference to the past.

2. The old Welsh histories followed the lives of each of the Welsh _______ and their lineage and descendants.

3. _______ decided that Welsh culture should be preserved and helped develop the invention of a tradition.

4. The author discusses the history of the kilt, which is also known as the ________.

5. A number of ministers from all of the following backgrounds except ______, began to use Druidic theology.

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the invented concepts of which more sense can be made by the study of invented traditions?

2. What did the Highland Society of London have the power to repeal, according to the book?

3. What is the difference between traditions, customs, and routines, according to the book?

4. What are the three different types of invented traditions, according to the book?

5. Who are the three individuals mentioned by the author as being helpful for inventing a distinct history?

6. What does the author mean in this manuscript when he says that traditions have tacit rules?

7. Where can exceptions to traditions be found, though some traditions have filled in the space abandoned by secular decline?

8. What is the meaning and the practice of the tradition 'eisteddfod' according to the book?

9. What are two of the general values that new invented traditions tend to inculcate, according to the book?

10. What specific group of leaders began to struggle to maintain Welsh culture, according to the book?

(see the answer keys)

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