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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did mathematician Gregory Chaitin propose about Shannon's concept of entropy as uncertainty?

2. Why do scientists consider the belief in God a meme?

3. What happened to the library that once held all known information?

4. Why is the belief in God an enduring one?

5. The universe has performed how many "operations"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was mathematician Gregory Chatin's concept on entropy?

2. What was John von Neumann's theory on energy cost and how did Rolf Landauer disprove that concept?

3. When was the existence of DNA discovered and by whom?

4. What did Dawkins attribute the belief in God to?

5. What has research shown about entangled particles and the transference of information?

6. What is the relationship between man and his memes?

7. What was the original meaning of the term "entropy"?

8. What was the "Library of Babel" that was described in a story by Jorge Luis Borges?

9. How did Gregory Chaitin characterize random numbers?

10. Norbert Weiner based his theory on what system of the human body?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe Norbert Weiner's views on the work and theories of Claude Shannon. Explain the circumstances under which Weiner coined the phrase "cybernetics". What was George Miller's observation on the capacity for the human mind to retain information?

Essay Topic 2

What kind of "telegraph" was invented by two French brothers and how did it function. What was the downside of this invention? Why was human error a factor in this process?

Essay Topic 3

What is a meme? What is the role of a meme? What are some examples of memes?

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