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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was the first scientist to formulate the modern germ theory?
(a) Elias Canetti.
(b) Jacob Henle.
(c) Daniel Coit Gilman.
(d) Samuel Tilden.

2. How old did William Henry Welch turn in 1930?
(a) 80.
(b) 75.
(c) 91.
(d) 62.

3. According to the author in Chapter 12, pneumonia maintained its position as the leading cause of death in the United States until what year?
(a) 1936.
(b) 1942.
(c) 1919.
(d) 1945.

4. Walter Reed, James Carroll, and Jesse Lazear are described by the author as three of the four doctors who defeated what disease?
(a) Yellow fever.
(b) Pneumonia.
(c) Malaria.
(d) Scarlet fever.

5. Who borrowed John Snow's epidemiologist methodology and applied it to the study of typhoid in the 1850s?
(a) Samuel Tilden.
(b) William Budd.
(c) Daniel Coit Gilman.
(d) Elias Canetti.

6. When was the International Red Cross founded?
(a) 1888.
(b) 1876.
(c) 1919.
(d) 1863.

7. When did Pasteur prove that living organisms caused fermentation?
(a) 1860.
(b) 1882.
(c) 1879.
(d) 1889.

8. What executive order created the Committee on Public Information during WWI?
(a) Executive Order 3243.
(b) Executive Order 2594.
(c) Executive Order 1248.
(d) Executive Order 5142.

9. Where did William Maxwell grow up?
(a) New York, New York.
(b) Little Rock, Arkansas.
(c) Lincoln, Illinois.
(d) Lubbock, Texas.

10. Who was William Henry Welch's assistant that went on to remake Harvard's medical school in the Hopkins's image?
(a) Elias Canetti.
(b) Daniel Coit Gilman.
(c) Samuel Tilden.
(d) William Councilman.

11. Who developed a method still in use that led to the first blood banks being established at the front in 1917?
(a) Alexis Carrel.
(b) William Jennings Bryan.
(c) Peyton Rous.
(d) Martin Behrman.

12. When did Robert Koch discover the tubercle bacillus?
(a) 1882.
(b) 1890.
(c) 1855.
(d) 1895.

13. Counting both sides, how many troops died in the U.S. Civil War in combat or from their wounds?
(a) 185,000.
(b) 634,000.
(c) 23,000.
(d) 254,000.

14. What was tuberculosis called by laypeople?
(a) Black fever.
(b) Consumption.
(c) Red fever.
(d) Extraction.

15. From what did Louis Thuillier die?
(a) Brain cancer.
(b) Tuberculosis.
(c) Cholera.
(d) Hanging.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where did Franklin Mall earn his medical degree?

2. Who won the popular vote against Rutherford B. Hayes, but never took office?

3. What question does religion and philosophy ask that science does not, because it is too deep a question for science?

4. According to the author in Chapter 3, three theories stood as rivals to the germ theory. What did the first theory involve?

5. When did John Adams and his party pass the Sedition Act?

(see the answer keys)

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