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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Rural Life.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why did farmers in the 1880s have to mortgage their land?
(a) Debt.
(b) Pestilence.
(c) No crops.
(d) Drought.

2. What was a major contributor to the contamination and disease in the wells in the late 19th century?
(a) Misunderstanding of germs.
(b) Food left out.
(c) Drainage from the outhouse.
(d) Typhoid epidemic.

3. Author Otto Bettman wished to shatter the misconceptions of the late 19th century by:
(a) Describing the westward movement.
(b) Reporting how glorious life in the late nineteenth century really was.
(c) Demonstrating what life was really like for average people.
(d) Reporting how the nineteenth century immigrants flourished in the New World.

4. According to Bettmann in "Housing," how did apartments turn into vertical versions of tenements?
(a) Cruel landlords.
(b) Noxious air indoors.
(c) Animals indoors were commonplace.
(d) Shoddy construction practices.

5. After the Civil War, how did the railroad monopoly hurt the rural farmers?
(a) The smoke from the smokestacks ruined the crops.
(b) It charged exorbitant prices to haul crops.
(c) It refused to haul crops.
(d) There were not enough railways to reach most of the farmers.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the electric trolley car create even bigger traffic problems for cities?

2. According to Bettmann in "Air," many people were cramped together in windowless rooms in the tenements during the summer, causing:

3. Where were the first apartments constructed?

4. According to Bettman in "Traffic," in what city was a record 330 crossing-grade deaths in one year?

5. What work did an ancient stove require on the frontier?

(see the answer key)

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