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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Rural Life.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Wind as well as the heat of summer exacerbated what problem in the large cities after the Civil War?
(a) The health problems of the animals.
(b) The dark smoke emitting from the factories.
(c) Overcrowding.
(d) The constant putrid stench.

2. What was the original purpose of the El Train?
(a) To relieve massive overcrowding.
(b) To replace the horse and cart.
(c) To show off new technology.
(d) To improve commute times.

3. According to Bettmann, what percentage of New Yorkers lived in the slums between 1868 and 1875?
(a) Fifty percent.
(b) Thirty percent.
(c) Ten Percent.
(d) Twenty-five percent.

4. In the time after the Civil War, humans generated an amazing amount of:
(a) Textiles.
(b) Ingenuity.
(c) Trash.
(d) Offspring.

5. According to Bettmann in "Rural Life," why would many young girls leave the country for the promise of the city?
(a) They thought they could find husbands easier in the city.
(b) They watched their mothers grow prematurely old with toil.
(c) They would be sent to earn a wage to help the family.
(d) Their families could no longer afford to feed them.

Short Answer Questions

1. In large cities in the late 1800s, what animals created massive amounts of pollution problems?

2. What does Bettmann say street car riders in the late 1800s were encouraged to bring along on their ride?

3. What major problem did window screening help with in the late 1800s?

4. In the late 19th century, where was New York's shantytown?

5. What was a common difficulty for frontiersmen after the Civil War?

(see the answer key)

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