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Introduction, and Chapter 1, Air

• Air pollution in the late 1800s was not understood.

• For many air pollution was seen as a sign of industry, others even thought it could cure ailments.

• Pigs and horses were a source of air pollutants.
• Smog from industrial vapors caused lung irritation, vomiting, sickness and depression.

• The worst offender of smog was Hunter's Point.

• Hunter's Point was called by one observer a "nasal disaster."
• Streets were lined with trash.

• Wind and the heat of summer exacerbated the problem of the constant putrid stench.

• Tenement residents often slept cramped together in windowless rooms, causing many deaths due to heat stroke and dehydration.

Chapter 2, Traffic

• Traffic in large cities was terrible due to the prevalence of the horse and cart.

• Street cars were hot in the summer, freezing in the winter.

• Street cars riders were encouraged to carry weapons for protection.

• Street cars were massively...

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