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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. To the early Upanisads, the ultimate self is identified with the underlying ground of all reality known as _____.

2. One of the four elements in Buddhism is _____.

3. The repository manuals related to the sutras are called the _____.

4. In Buddhism, the truth underlying reality is _____.

5. After his awakening, the Buddha was thought to still have an attachment to the _____ of awakening.

Short Essay Questions

1. What components, according to Buddhist thought, comprise a world-sphere?

2. What attitudes do the Mahayana sutras display toward the bodhisattva?

3. Why is stilling the mind an integral goal of Buddhist meditation?

4. What is the wheel of becoming?

5. What is the Buddhist view of faith on the cognitive and effective modes?

6. How is world contraction described according to the Abhidharma?

7. What is bhavanga?

8. How does the sense of self spring from delusion?

9. What happens as the path of the bodhisattva progresses?

10. What does Nagasena tell the king about the self?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain nirvana in Buddhism. What is this? How is it reached?

Essay Topic 2

Explain the brahmanical tradition. Where did the people who founded this tradition in India come from? What effect did they have on Indian society?

Essay Topic 3

Explain Abhidharma. What does this word mean? How does it appear in texts? What is its significance in Buddhism?

(see the answer keys)

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