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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. To which military and political leader does James Bryce liken President Lincoln?

2. In Chapter 8, which person in America has the final say on all verdicts during the Civil War, particularly death sentences?

3. How does General Grant propose to exchange civilian hostages?

4. Which ship captures the Banshee in 1863?

5. Why are no military trials conducted in Delaware during the Civil War?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does the Confederate Captain John Wilkinson slip through the blockades multiple times during the Civil War?

2. Describe the Dred Scott decision.

3. Why are there several discrepancies among the reported number of civilians arrested during the Civil War?

4. What happens at Pohick Church in 1861?

5. How does Lincoln explain his decision to suspend the writ of habeas corpus?

6. Describe President Lincoln's letter to Erastus Corning.

7. Why does Francis Lieber recommend trials by military commission in 1864?

8. What is the "White Flag Affair?"

9. Why does Horatio Seymour quote Lord Coke, by saying, "Where courts of law are open, martial law cannot be executed?"

10. How does the USS Niphon capture the Ella and Annie?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the rise and use of military commissions during the Civil War. What guidelines exist for Union Generals in reference to the arrest and trial of civilians? How do military commissions benefit the Union and what abuses are reported?

Essay Topic 2

Why does Lincoln feel it necessary to suspend the writ of habeas corpus? What are the positive and negative affects of the writ's suspension? According to historians, how might the precedents set by the suspension of the writ affect the future of American warfare policy?

Essay Topic 3

What impact does Ex parte Milligan have on Lincoln's administration? What is the political significance of the case for all American civilians? How does the case affect reconstruction in the South?

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