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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is one of the difficulties in observing super particles?
(a) They do not interact with either matter or light.
(b) They are incredibly rare, and pass through most matter.
(c) They are too massive to be observed in a particle accelerator.
(d) They are massless.

2. Which of the following best describes a wormhole?
(a) The quantum-scale path left by a "tunneling" particle.
(b) The center of a black hole.
(c) A quantum-scale connection between two particles.
(d) A bridge between two points in space-time.

3. Which team of researchers discovered the process for altering Calabi-Yau spaces by rupturing them?
(a) Yau and Tian.
(b) Greene and Morrison.
(c) Hawking and Fermi.
(d) Bohr and Feynman.

4. Who posited the existence of M-theory?
(a) Brandenberger.
(b) Plesser.
(c) Witten.
(d) Greene.

5. By what factor is the minimum mass of a wrapped string in determined?
(a) The string's winding number.
(b) The size of the circular dimension it is wrapped around.
(c) The vacuum energy of the dimension it is wrapped around.
(d) The string's Planck tension.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following best describes the fate of Kaluza-Klein theory?

2. According to string theory, which of the following cannot occur during the collapse of the universe?

3. How does the number of extra "curled up" dimensions affect the vibration of strings?

4. According to modern physics, which of the following may cease to exist at the center of a black hole?

5. Which of the following is true regarding the force of gravity in string theory?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the history of space-time tears in physics.

2. Describe the nature and importance of the procedure discovered by Yau and Tian.

3. What is the Calabi-Yau space?

4. Greene suggests that black holes are very similar to, and might in fact be, elementary particles. What evidence supports this suggestion?

5. What is the strong-weak duality?

6. What is a wormhole, and how is it formed?

7. How are strings affected by extra dimensions?

8. What is a virtual string pair, and how is it formed?

9. Are the extra-dimensions demanded by string theory, space or time dimensions? How are those dimensions experienced in everyday life?

10. Describe the phenomenon of winding in string theory.

(see the answer keys)

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