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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to special relativity, which of the following is true about the passage of time for an observer moving near the speed of light?
(a) Time would pass slowly compared to an observer at rest.
(b) No time would pass at all.
(c) The passage of time could not be predicted.
(d) Time would pass very quickly compared to an observer at rest.

2. Which of the following is true regarding experimental confirmation of string theory?
(a) It can never be confirmed.
(b) It has not yet been experimentally confirmed.
(c) It was confirmed in the 1980s.
(d) It has been experimentally confirmed, but the data are still being processed.

3. What is the Planck tension?
(a) The vacuum-energy of a matter and anti-matter string pair.
(b) The attraction felt by a string through the strong force.
(c) The typical tension in a string.
(d) The pull between strings at the Planck length.

4. What is the quantum, or messenger particle, of the strong force?
(a) The muon.
(b) The gluon.
(c) The baryon.
(d) The hadron.

5. If a clock were accelerated to nearly the speed of light for a year's time, which of the following would be true of its reading at the end of that time?
(a) It would be less than one year.
(b) It would be more than one year.
(c) It would be exactly equal to one year.
(d) Its reading would be random and meaningless.

Short Answer Questions

1. The advent of fermionic vibrational patterns resulted in the creation of _____.

2. Which of the following best describes a fermion?

3. What is quantum foam?

4. According to general relativity, all objects that have mass have what effect on space-time?

5. Which of the following theory was NOT developed in order to try to resolve the conflicts between quantum mechanics and general relativity?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe and explain the results of the two-slit experiment.

2. Describe the basic principles of string theory.

3. What is the relationship between light, electricity, and magnetism?

4. What are the messenger particles of the strong and weak force, and what function do they perform?

5. How many string theories are there and how did there come to be multiple theories?

6. Suppose that two objects are exerting a gravitational pull on each other, when one suddenly moves a large distance further away from the other object. Describe the impact of this event according to general relativity.

7. List the four fundamental forces of the universe, their functions, and describe where and at what scales they are most commonly observed.

8. What are the two main theories on which modern physics is based? At what scales are they accurate or inaccurate? Give at least one example of a circumstance in which both theories would need to be employed.

9. What are some of the difficulties in confirming string theory experimentally?

10. Describe the structure of an atom.

(see the answer keys)

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