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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the fundamental force responsible for keeping the nucleus of an atom "glued" together?
(a) Potential electrical force.
(b) The nuclear-strong force.
(c) Quantum-tunneling force.
(d) Gravitational force.

2. The smallest possible unit of energy is referred to as _____.
(a) A quark.
(b) A quantum.
(c) A muon.
(d) A photon.

3. Quantum physics began with the study of the energy inside a heated, closed container, such as an oven. The problem with theories at the time was that they predicted that _____.
(a) The oven contains infinite energy.
(b) The oven can store more energy the smaller it is.
(c) The oven contains no energy.
(d) The oven can only store energy if it has no mass.

4. Which of the following is true about the tension within a string?
(a) It is very low, less than a few pounds.
(b) It is very high, more than a billion tons.
(c) It cannot be said truly to exist.
(d) It has no bearing on a string's energy.

5. In Einstein's famous equation, E=mc^2, what does "c" represent?
(a) The speed of the object.
(b) The object's density.
(c) The frequency of light.
(d) The speed of light.

6. Which of the following is a correct statement, based on the theory of special relativity?
(a) Time is always the same to all observers, but space is not.
(b) Energy only exists relative to mass.
(c) Movement can only be measured relative to very massive objects, such as stars.
(d) Time and space are not experienced exactly the same by all observers

7. What is the quantum, or messenger particle, of the strong force?
(a) The baryon.
(b) The muon.
(c) The hadron.
(d) The gluon.

8. How are the wavelength of a string's vibration and the mass of the particle it represents related?
(a) If there is a wavelength above the Planck length, the particle is massless.
(b) Wavelength and mass are not related.
(c) The longer the wavelength, the more massive the particle.
(d) The longer the wavelength, the less massive the particle.

9. Richard Feynman's "sum over paths" theory states that in the double-slit experiment, an electron behaves in what way?
(a) It follows all possible paths at the same time.
(b) It follows the same path every time.
(c) It follows a unique path every time.
(d) The sum of all possible frequencies describes the frequency of the final path taken.

10. How are the amplitude of a string's vibration and the mass of the particle it represents related?
(a) The higher the amplitude, the less massive the particle.
(b) If there is a non-zero amplitude, the particle is massless.
(c) Amplitude and mass are not related.
(d) The higher the amplitude, the more massive the particle.

11. What does the quantum electroweak theory state about the two fundamental forces it describes?
(a) In four-dimensional space, they are the same thing.
(b) At extreme energy and temperature conditions, they become the same thing.
(c) They are identical at quantum scales.
(d) They only interact at the Planck length and below.

12. Which of the following is correct about the speed at which light moves?
(a) Its speed depends on the observer.
(b) It moves at a constant speed for all observers.
(c) It moves faster at higher energy levels.
(d) It moves at a constant speed only near a gravitational field.

13. Quantum chromodynamics concerns quantum mechanics and ____.
(a) The electromagnetic force.
(b) Gravity.
(c) The weak force.
(d) The strong force.

14. Which of the following is NOT an actual version of string theory?
(a) Heterotic type O(32) theory.
(b) Fermionic type IV theory.
(c) Type I theory.
(d) Type IIA theory.

15. The advent of fermionic vibrational patterns resulted in the creation of _____.
(a) Supersymmetric quantum field theory.
(b) Symmetric antistring theory.
(c) Fermionic resonance theory.
(d) Quantum electroweak theory.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is quantum foam?

2. What are the characteristics of a wave?

3. What rule did Max Planck discover the electromagnetic waves bounded in a container, such as an oven, must follow?

4. How many dimensions did the tiny objects involved in the original statement of string theory have?

5. What is the shape of all particles, at the smallest possible level, according to string theory?

(see the answer keys)

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