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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What has Machiavelli considered many times to be the causes of good and bad fortunes to men?
(a) Enemies knowing their plans.
(b) Their choice of friends.
(c) Decisions for military tactics.
(d) Their manner of proceeding with the times.

2. What method of dealing with leaders of tumults that divide cities does Machiavelli favor?
(a) Conscripting combatants into the military.
(b) Taking the women into slavery.
(c) Dividing the City's wealth among the factions.
(d) Killing the leaders of tumults.

3. Why does Machiavelli consider men prudent for considering the proverb he cites at the beginning of Book 2, Section 49?
(a) Because Machiavelli believes, "only the fool says there is no God."
(b) Because Machiavelli believes, "It is better to know where you have been to know what direction you are going."
(c) Because Machiavelli believes, "Men are too quick to neglect the achievements of their fathers."
(d) Because Machiavelli believes, "for all the things of the world in every time have had the very resemblance as those of ancient times.

4. What does Machiavelli consider the most useful possession for the defense of a Republic?
(a) Strong fortresses.
(b) A good army.
(c) Wise diplomats.
(d) Harsh Captains.

5. What does Machiavelli advise Princes in observing promises made under force?
(a) To deceive the party who forces the promise until they can make alliances that will defeat him.
(b) To observe them until which time they can fight for freedom.
(c) That they are not to be observed when the force is removed.
(d) To observe them without reservation as they put themselves in the situation due to incompenence.

Short Answer Questions

1. What kinds of men are frowned upon in corrupt Republics?

2. What does Machiavelli claim that prudent men usually say?

3. What, according to Machiavelli, did Epaminondas the Theban claim was most necessary and useful for a Captain?

4. What example does Machiavelli use to show how a Republic can handle a malady?

5. What does Machiavelli claim causes unity in a Republic?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Machiavelli claim that the Senate and Plebes rose up to take control of Rome from Tarquinius Superbus ?

2. Why does Machiavelli consider defending an army with fortifications useless with the artillery that was new to his day?

3. What is the advice that Machiavelli gives to Princes who take possessions from another Prince?

4. What does Machiavelli recommend to Captains as an element of strategy to assure success in capturing a town?

5. What are two remedies that Machiavelli recommends in Book Three, section16 to prevent a City from becoming corrupted by periods of peace and wealth?

6. Why does Machiavelli warn Princes from using auxiliary soldiers from another Prince?

7. What are two points that you can take from Book Three, Section 13 to suggest that Machiavelli believes that it is better for a Prince to have a strong army badly captained rather than a bad army strongly captained?

8. Why does Machiavelli consider negotiating peace treaties with insurrectionists to be the most harmful method of ending conflicts in a City?

9. What does Machiavelli believe is the consequence of insulting anyone with words?

10. What are two reasons that Machiavelli claims men have a hard time changing with the times?

(see the answer keys)

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