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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Officials propose to protect Hilo, Hawaii's second-largest city and port, against lava flows through what?
(a) Plexiglass shields.
(b) Relocation.
(c) Careful monitoring.
(d) Barriers.

2. In Hawaii, how many volcanoes are there within the group that includes Mauna Loa?
(a) Seven.
(b) Two.
(c) Five.
(d) Ten.

3. What nickname do the residents of Heimaey give to Sveinn Eiriksson?
(a) Powell.
(b) Grant.
(c) Patton.
(d) Roosevelt.

4. When does the author visit Vestmannaeyjar?
(a) Fifteen years after the eruption.
(b) When the ice shelf collapses.
(c) Fifteen years after the collapse of the ice shelf.
(d) During the eruption.

5. What gives Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson the idea to cool the oncoming flow of lava?
(a) Watching lava cool by the sea.
(b) Watching children play by the water.
(c) Stories he'd heard of ancestors doing the same.
(d) His post-graduate studies.

Short Answer Questions

1. How do the returning residents benefit from the cooled but still hot lava rocks on Vestmannaeyjar?

2. What ultimately happens to the moving piece of mountain on Vestmannaeyjar?

3. The U.S. Army Air Corps' actions on an insulating vent on Mauna Loa volcano in 1935 result in what?

4. In "Cooling the Lava," when the author redirects his conversation to Hawaii he talks about the The Hawaiian Research Association which formed in:

5. What is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson's idea to stop the flow of lava?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do the working crews stop the large chunk of mountain from crashing into Heimaey's town and port?

2. Describe how workers are able to walk upon lava fields as they try to cool down the lava on Heimaey in 1973.

3. Describe what happens to the north side of the growing volcano on Heimaey.

4. Describe how Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson and Sveinn Eiriksson work together to fight against the lava that threatens Heimaey's town and harbor.

5. What role does Magnus Magnusson play during the 1973 volcanic eruptions in Heimaey?

6. What is the population of Iceland's Heimaey before and after the 1973 eruptions?

7. Briefly describe Mauna Loa.

8. How does the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration protect its sensitive, expensive equipment against damaging lava in Hawaii?

9. The author moves away from his discussion of Iceland's 1973 lava eruptions to talk about Hawaii's volcanoes. Describe what he writes about the U.S. Army Air Corps' attempts to stop lava from burying Hawaii's towns and cities.

10. How is Heimaey's harbor altered after the eruptions and lava flows of 1973?

(see the answer keys)

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