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Paul Gilroy

This person is the author of The Black Atlantic.

W.E.B. Du Bois

This person was one of the most important black scholars and activists in American history.

Frederick Douglass

This person was a social reformer, writer and statesman whose writings and life were an inspiration to nearly all later black scholars.

Richard Wright

This person was an African-American writer who was often controversial for his writings on race relations.

G.W.F. Hegel

This person was a great 19th century German philosopher who theorized the master-slave relation.

Karl Marx

This person is a social philosopher who influenced many of the black intellectuals discussed in The Black Atlantic.

Jurgen Habermas

This person is a contemporary European political philosopher whose work on the idea of modernity needs modification to include the idea of slavery as an essential part.

White Europeans

This group devised a concept of...

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