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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did the Spring offensive start in Vietnam?

2. What evidence does Halberstam give for the deterioration of the mood in America?

3. Who traveled to Vietnam after the 1965 inauguration?

4. What does Halberstam say was the military's opinion after the start of Rolling Thunder?

5. What does Halberstam say was the result of the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Halberstam say happened when Westmoreland assumed control?

2. Describe what Halberstam calls 'the Bundy trip' to Vietnam.

3. Who was interested in overthrowing Diem?

4. What was the result of the Spring Offensive?

5. What does Halberstam say McNamara found in Vietnam when the Johnson administration took over?

6. What does Halberstam say began to change in early 1964?

7. What does Halberstam say the effect of the Vietnam war on the American people was?

8. What was the intelligence community's assessment of Rolling Thunder?

9. What happened during the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

10. What was President Johnson's position regarding Vietnam in the early days of his presidency?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What kind of administrative or bureaucratic changes could have helped the war effort in Vietnam? Specifically, how could U.S. commanders have ensured that accurate information flowed unimpeded from troops and analysts in Vietnam to military planners in the U.S.? What factors in the military or political establishment created this problem?

Essay Topic 2

Argue for the appropriateness or the inappropriateness of executive secrecy as it was used during the Johnson administration. What factors and evidence mitigates the need for executive transparency? What factors and evidence makes transparency an absolute requirement?

Essay Topic 3

How does the containment of the 1960s differ from the preemptive foreign policy of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. How has American foreign policy changed since the 1960s?

(see the answer keys)

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