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1. Describe the Dark Age of Greece.

The Dark Age of Greece occurs around 1200 BC, following the Mycenaean palace civilization collapse. This collapse leads to depopulation, as people move from the area, and large scale migrations. Further, as civilization declines, so do literacy skills and artistic skills. Finally, with fewer educated and trained people, the overseas trade networks begin to shut down, further limiting the remaining populations.

2. Explain the ideological conflict between Sparta and Athens that results in the clash that leads to war.

Sparta is a country who is ruled by an oligarchy, and dedicated to military institutions. They are primarily self sufficient, and rarely require trade. Sparta is consumed with conquering most of the lands near them, and they reduce the existing populations to slaves. Athens, on the other hand, is a democracy, based on the ideas of freedom and civility. They depend highly on trade and imported foods, and their military is naval, instead of ground force based. The two are constant rivals, and eventually, their snubs against one another result in war.

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