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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What type of balance were the Founders attempting to create?
(a) A document that supported both the people and their leaders.
(b) A government between monarchy and democracy.
(c) A peaceful, yet structured state.
(d) A nation that could run itself without dissolving into chaos.

2. Why were the Founders hesitant to establish a new monarchy?
(a) One man could not run a country effectively.
(b) A monarch rules in his own interests.
(c) Too many different philosophies existed to choose one man.
(d) There was no royal bloodline from which to choose a King.

3. What did Wendell Phillips want to prevent people from becoming?
(a) Indifferent.
(b) Submissive.
(c) Cruel.
(d) Angry.

4. How does Hofstadter describe Andrew Jackson's economic policies?
(a) Corporate capitalism.
(b) Laissez-faire.
(c) Socialist.
(d) Mercantile.

5. What was the Constitution based upon?
(a) Fragments of English political philosophy.
(b) Experience and observation.
(c) European tradition mixed with revolutionary philosophy.
(d) Greek and Roman political philosophy.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was Wendell Phillips's main goal?

2. What did the Southwesterners want Andrew Jackson to do?

3. Which movement advocated a philosophy of natural rights and human equality?

4. How does Hofstadter describe Wendell Phillips's political affiliation?

5. What concern did Abraham Lincoln have about white laborers?

Short Essay Questions

1. What opinion did the Founders have about human nature?

2. Why did John C. Calhoun object to having the phrase "all men are created equal" in the Constitution?

3. How did the Founders plan to meet the needs of differing classes and interests?

4. What opinion did the Founders have of democracy in general?

5. Which citizens did the Founders originally intend to give the most power and why?

6. What concerns did white laborers have over slavery?

7. How did Andrew Jackson ensure that his policies would be enforced long after he left office?

8. Describe Wendell Phillips.

9. Why did the Populists see the Bank of America as an undemocratic institution?

10. Why did Wendell Phillips criticize capitalism?

(see the answer keys)

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