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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the French National Assembly modeled on?
(a) The American House of Representatives.
(b) The British House of Commons.
(c) The American Senate.
(d) The British House of Lords.

2. What relationship had begun to dominate between landowners and farmers in England in the late 1700s?
(a) Landlord and tenant-farmer.
(b) Communal ownership.
(c) Frontiersmen were opening new lands in Europe.
(d) Lord and vassal.

3. France was opposed by which of these in the Napoleonic Wars?
(a) Russia, Prussia and Austria.
(b) All of Europe and Britain.
(c) Austria and Prussia.
(d) Britain and Russia.

4. Which market supplied raw materials for the cotton trade?
(a) Thailand.
(b) Britain's colonies.
(c) Russia.
(d) France.

5. What happened that fostered nationalist movements in the Balkans?
(a) The Greeks attained independence and fixed borders.
(b) The Turks invaded, uniting the Balkan states against them.
(c) Greeks began to flee to the Balkans to get away from the fighting in Greece.
(d) The Russians opened trade with the Balkan areas.

6. What was the international congress that ruled Europe called?
(a) The Concert of Europe.
(b) The European Convention.
(c) The European Assembly.
(d) The League of Nations.

7. Where were the French forces defeated in 1815?
(a) Berlin.
(b) Waterloo.
(c) Moscow.
(d) Leipzig.

8. What group does Hobsbawm say typified the revolutionary groups that became active in 1848?
(a) The Luddites.
(b) The Chartists.
(c) The Jacobins.
(d) The Carbonari.

9. Where did the idea that Hobsbawm says was developing after 1830 first take root?
(a) In the bourgeoisie.
(b) In the destitute.
(c) In the middle classes.
(d) In the working poor.

10. What was the age of scientific and political progress in the 1700s called?
(a) The Romantic period.
(b) The Renaissance.
(c) Modernism.
(d) The Enlightenment.

11. What quality distinguished the revolutions that took place in 1848 from earlier revolutions, according to Hobsbawm?
(a) They were planned.
(b) They were unsuccessful.
(c) They were spontaneous.
(d) They were non-violent.

12. Which industry saw special improvements and expansion in the late 1700s, according to Hobsbawm?
(a) Coal.
(b) Copper.
(c) Magnesium.
(d) Iron.

13. What was the result of improvements in the technology of spinning and weaving?
(a) Decreased farm size.
(b) Increased tax revenue from the cotton trade.
(c) Increased output.
(d) Decreased need for labor.

14. Where, according to Hobsbawm, did a national movement come from the masses?
(a) Poland.
(b) Ireland.
(c) Turkey.
(d) Greece.

15. In what did England lead Europe, in Hobsbawm's account?
(a) Moral philosophy.
(b) Political freedoms.
(c) Raw material production.
(d) Per capita trade.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did the nobility do when France became a Constitutional monarchy?

2. Who was represented by the "Third Estate" in France?

3. Why does Hobsbawm say that the Industrial Revolution could only have happened in England?

4. Who does Hobsbawm say the revolutionary groups saw as the beneficiaries of their third wave of revolutions?

5. What does Hobsbawm say revolts turned against in this period?

(see the answer keys)

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