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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the main thing Hebdige is trying to understand about subcultures?
(a) Their emotional context.
(b) Their historical context.
(c) Their religious context.
(d) Their spiritual context.

2. How does Hebdige define style?
(a) The norm.
(b) An aesthetic nonconformity.
(c) A way of life.
(d) A personal choice.

3. Of the Reggae subculture, Hebdige says it has strong, cultural what?
(a) Ideas.
(b) Discourse.
(c) Rebellion.
(d) Enemies.

4. What does Hebdige say about SOME aspects of youth culture with respect to the parent culture?
(a) All youth culture reflects parent culture.
(b) Parent culture reflects youth culture, not the other way around.
(c) They no way reflect the parent culture.
(d) There is no such thing as a youth culture and parent culture. Both the youth and parent exercise the traditions of one, the same culture.

5. Punk lacks which of the following?
(a) Music.
(b) Nationalism.
(c) Secularism.
(d) A historical basis.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Hebdige, subcultures serve the purpose of allowing individuals to do which of the following?

2. In which of the following ways does Hebdige understand the idea of "high culture"?

3. Hebdige describes subcultures as"mediation" between what?

4. What do the Teddy Boys of the 50's represent?

5. According to Hebdige, there is a disconnect between black sound and what?

Short Essay Questions

1. Even though Punk was founded on some of Reggae's ideas, were the two really similar, according to Hebdige?

2. According to Chapter 3, what is the main difference between the subcultures of Reggae and Rastafarians?

3. In Chapter 4, how do the Teddy Boys contradict themselves?

4. Why does Hebdige say that Reggae is primarily a black subculture?

5. Why does Hebdige think the mass culture "mythologizes signification"?

6. What is the significance of the author's description of post-war Britain?

7. In Chapter 4, how does Hebdige explain the creation of white subcultures?

8. What is the history of the blacks from the West Indies compared to the post-war British youth?

9. How do the Rastafarians modify the Christian religion?

10. In Hebdige's opinion, are subcultures a form of cultural rebellion?

(see the answer keys)

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