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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. In a letter of September 21, 1781, who wrote to his mentor Jean d'Alembert that he feared mathematics had reached its limit?
2. ________ in Italy and ________ in Holland did experiments in which they measured the impact of a falling ball by dropping in onto clay.
3. In Chapter 1, who claimed that his "principle of least action" proved the existence of God?
4. In Chapter 3, who noticed that when he pulled off his silk socks in the evening, "they frequently made a crackling or snapping noise" and emitted "sparks of fire"?
5. The narrator explains in Chapter 3 that ________ and ________ were the best examples of subtle fluids.
Short Essay Questions
1. Discuss the product of the Philosophical Letters.
2. What was the meaning of experimental physics at the end of the Enlightenment? Why is important that the meaning of experimental physics had changed?
3. Discuss the two concepts that were studied in rational mechanics during the Enlightenment.
4. What advantage did natural philosophy have over other literary pursuits? Explain.
5. Discuss the study of physics in the beginning of the Enlightenment.
6. Who redefined physics in the 1720s? Explain.
7. Discuss Benjamin Franklin's single static electrical atmosphere.
8. Discuss the periodic fluctuation Bradley found in 1748.
9. What were the two necessary ingredients for the improvement of astronomical tables? Explain.
10. Explain how mathematics and mechanics advanced through the study of curves.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Analyze and discuss the Chemical Revolution as detailed in "Science and the Enlightenment."
Essay Topic 2
Explain Lavoisier's rationalization of chemistry. Do you support Lavoisier's rationalization? Why or why not?
Essay Topic 3
Explain how subtle fluids effect electricity as discussed in Chapter 3 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
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This section contains 744 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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