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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. All of the following were forms of fire, according to Boerhaave and Musschenbroek, except for which one?
2. Chapter 2 states that ________ had been created to deal with the problem of motion and that the new mathematical techniques discovered in the eighteenth century were all responses to the challenges of mechanics.
3. The discipline of physics had originally been created by ________, and it had nothing to do with experiment or quantitative measure nor was it limited to the inorganic world.
4. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."
5. What was the name of the philosopher who could enthusiastically claim that "the works of Nature everywhere sufficiently evidence a Diety"?
Short Essay Questions
1. Who redefined physics in the 1720s? Explain.
2. Describe Gabrielle de Breteuil.
3. What did Leibniz argue in regards to the mechanical philosophy of the Enlightenment?
4. What was the meaning of experimental physics at the end of the Enlightenment? Why is important that the meaning of experimental physics had changed?
5. Explain how mathematics and mechanics advanced through the study of curves.
6. Discuss Charles Francois de Cisternai Dufay and his impact in electrical science.
7. What were the proponents of blunt rods which where used in the study of electricity? Who led the proponents of blunt rods? Explain.
8. Explain how the laws of nature were to be discovered by experimentation and observation.
9. Who coined the term "Scientific Revolution" and who was this person? What was the Scientific Revolution?
10. How did the eighteenth century define analysis? Explain.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Explain how heat and temperature are related and how the discovery of both impacted the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 2
Compare and contrast "reason" vs. "nature" as discussed in Chapter 1 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
Essay Topic 3
Describe in great detail Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws. Do you support Montesquieu's proposition? Why or why not?
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This section contains 802 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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