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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the name of the curve traced by the end of a string as it is unwrapped from another curve found in Chapter 2?
(a) Cycloid.
(b) Isoperimeters.
(c) Tractrix.
(d) Involute.

2. In Chapter 3, who proposed a single static electrical "atmosphere" that attracted and repelled by pressure rather than by the impact of an electrical wind?
(a) Desagulier.
(b) Newton.
(c) Musschenbroek.
(d) Franklin.

3. In Chapter 5, Ingen-Housz was able to show in his "Experiments on Vegetables" that it was ________ not ________, that was essential for the production of oxygen by the leaves.
(a) Sunlight / air.
(b) Fertilizer / water.
(c) Heat / fertilizer.
(d) Sunlight / heat.

4. Madame du Chatelet supported the Leibnizian theory of ________ because it gave a better account of free will.
(a) Religion.
(b) Mechanics.
(c) Christianity.
(d) Physics.

5. In the early years of the Enlightenment, the strongest support on the Continent for Newton's philosophy came from ________.
(a) Holland.
(b) Italy.
(c) Germany.
(d) America.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who called natural history the "great root and mother" of all the sciences and made it the indispensable prelude to his experimental philosophy in Chapter 5?

2. In 1819, who gave a clue to the source of this pessimism when he wrote that "the power of our analysis is practically exhausted"?

3. According to the narrator in Chapter 4, ________ and ________ were closely associated because they were still based to a large extent on the concept of the Aristotelian elements: earth, water, air, and fire.

4. In Chapter 2, what was the name of the shape of a chain suspended between two fixed points?

5. Contemporary chemistry recognized only one element in the gaseous state, and that was the element _______.

(see the answer key)

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