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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chemistry.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Chapter 2, for Newton, ________ consisted in "making experiments and observations and in drawing general Conclusion from them by Induction."
(a) Analysis.
(b) Religion.
(c) Calculus.
(d) Reason.

2. In the early years of the Enlightenment, the strongest support on the Continent for Newton's philosophy came from ________.
(a) Holland.
(b) Germany.
(c) America.
(d) Italy.

3. In Chapter 2, who was the greatest analyst of the Enlightenment and created mathematical theories to predict the buckling of columns and beams?
(a) Newton.
(b) Bernoulli.
(c) Leibniz.
(d) Leonhard Euler.

4. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?
(a) Pierre Bayle.
(b) Varignon.
(c) Kant.
(d) L'Hopital.

5. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?
(a) Carnot.
(b) Descartes.
(c) Leibniz.
(d) Bernoulli.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who had written a preface to the second edition of the "Principia," supposedly with Newton's blessing, that described gravity as a force acting at a distance without any intervening medium?

2. What was the name of the philosopher who carried out the following experiments: kite, electric spider, and lightning bells to study electricity?

3. Acknowledging the existence of the gaseous states was a prerequisite for explaining combustion, the central problem of the ________, according to the narrator in chapter 4.

4. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."

5. What was the name of the philosopher who was the leading scientific experimenter in seventeenth-century England, who had agreed that he had never seen any "inanimate production of nature, or of chance, whose contrivance was comparable to that of the meanest limb of the despicabilist animal"?

(see the answer key)

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