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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?
(a) Bernoulli.
(b) Leibniz.
(c) Descartes.
(d) Carnot.

2. Who coined the expression "Scientific Revolution," according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Jean Lerond d'Alembert.
(b) Newton.
(c) Descartes.
(d) Malebranche.

3. In 1688, Fontenelle wrote a treatise on the nature of the eclogue or ________.
(a) Sonnet.
(b) Pastoral poem.
(c) Limerick.
(d) Haiku.

4. The names "biology" and "sociology" were names and fields that were created in what century, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) 17th.
(b) 15th.
(c) 18th.
(d) 19th.

5. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?
(a) Maupertuis.
(b) Marquis de l'Hopital.
(c) Roberts.
(d) Fontenelle.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."

2. What was the name of the revolution that was a cultural event associated with Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, and Isaac Newton?

3. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.

4. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, what was the key to a correct method whose model was mathematics?

5. What was the name of the philosopher who could enthusiastically claim that "the works of Nature everywhere sufficiently evidence a Diety"?

(see the answer key)

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