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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who coined the expression "Scientific Revolution," according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Jean Lerond d'Alembert.
(b) Descartes.
(c) Malebranche.
(d) Newton.

2. Who was France's greatest hero of the Enlightenment partly because he was from England, the source of free thought and liberty and partly because he had solved the riddle of the planets, showing that their motions obeyed the same laws as motions on earth?
(a) Newton.
(b) Fontenelle.
(c) Boyle.
(d) Swift.

3. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?
(a) Pierre Bayle.
(b) Kant.
(c) L'Hopital.
(d) Varignon.

4. What was the name of the philosopher who had a passion for humanity, a desire to "do good," and a penchant for reform, according to Chapter 1?
(a) Maupertuis.
(b) Newton.
(c) Descartes.
(d) Condorcet.

5. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."
(a) Immanuel Kant.
(b) Maupertuis.
(c) Chatelet.
(d) Diderot.

Short Answer Questions

1. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.

2. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?

3. What category of science, at the beginning of the Enlightenment, was "the science that teaches us the reasons and causes of all the effects that Nature produces," including both living and nonliving phenomena?

4. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, what was the key to a correct method whose model was mathematics?

5. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

(see the answer key)

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