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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chapter 2 - The Language of the Marketplace.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does the "form" of any kind of art express?
(a) The materials from which the art is constructed.
(b) Only one possible message.
(c) Whatever the audience chooses.
(d) A system of values.

2. With what is "folk culture" most concerned?
(a) The affairs of royalty.
(b) Commerce and industry.
(c) The lives of ordinary people.
(d) Foreign songs, art, and stories.

3. In which twentieth-century movement was the grotesque especially evident?
(a) Modernism.
(b) Impressionism.
(c) Expressionism.
(d) Futurism.

4. How did Rabelais obtain the material for his writings?
(a) By interviewing thousands of market vendors.
(b) By studying manuscripts for long hours in monasteries.
(c) By receiving a divine revelation.
(d) By attending many fairs and festivals and observing all the people there.

5. How are Bakhtin and Rabelais similar?
(a) They live in the same country.
(b) They both write mostly novels.
(c) They both subvert the social prohibition on laughter, satire, and irony.
(d) They both directly challenge the government by running for political office.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why was Rabelais linked so closely to the Lyon fairs?

2. After Rabelais' time, the use of laughter in literature and culture moved in which direction?

3. What is "man's second nature," according to Renaissance Christian doctrine?

4. What in particular forms the basic elements of Rabelais' novel _Gargantua_?

5. Bakhtin believes that novels are:

(see the answer key)

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