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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Durkheim, the rules of separation are features of what?

2. According to Frazer, what did magic lead to?

3. Which of the following does Douglas believe rituals can alter by restating?

4. Symbolic rituals involving religious purity have been concerned with ideas of what?

5. Which of the following is not involved in the patterns Douglas suggests?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Smith's perception of magic?

2. How does Douglas describe fortune as it is related to cosmic alliances in different cultures?

3. What does Douglas believe you need to understand to study purity?

4. Why is sequentiality vital to the rituals that Douglas describes?

5. What is involved in the categorization that Douglas describes?

6. What does Douglas believe has led to the belief that primitive cultures are inferior?

7. What were Frazer's beliefs?

8. What is isolation's role in health concerns?

9. What is the anti-ritual prejudice that Douglas describes?

10. How has anthropology shown the distinction between primitive and modern cultures?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Assess the argument for primitive cultures being more modern than primitive. Argue for or against this claim and provide at least 3 sources of evidence.

Essay Topic 2

Describe the crossing of social barriers. Why does Douglas describe this crossing as being dangerous? What are some examples of crossing social barriers? Why is it important in primitive cultures to note this crossing?

Essay Topic 3

Describe the rationale behind classifying animals. If you were to classify animals, would your method be comparable? Why or why not? Why do you think the animals are categorized this way?

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