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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who does Plutarch report ruled Rome in a Triumvirate while Cato served in the Senate?

2. How did the separation of Alexander from Philip affect his reign over Philip's empire, according to Plutarch?

3. Who joined Agis to turn back the laws that placed inherited land under control of a few wealthy families, according to Plutarch?

4. Why did Plutarch consider Agesilaus a better general than Pompey?

5. Who did Plutarch claim Agis had imprisoned and hanged?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Plutarch explain Lysander's misinterpretation of the prophesy regarding the successor to Agis?

2. Plutarch reports that Phocion had a continuously frowning look, what is a summary of Phocions quote to Chare when he remarked on his countenance?

3. What skill did Plutarch claim Caesar used to start building political influence in the Senate?

4. What was the primary objective of Agis as King of the Spartans according to Plutarch?

5. What did Plutarch determine to be the difference in how Agesilaus and Pompey came to power?

6. What are the similarities that Plutarch found between Sertorius and Eumenes?

7. How did Plutarch claim Eumenes caught the attention of Philip?

8. Why did Plutarch consider Agesilaus a better general than Pompey?

9. How does Plutarch explain Agis' objectives affected the politics of Sparta?

10. Why does Plutarch claim Caesar left Rome while he was a young man?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the rhetorical styles of Demosthenes and Cicero. Use quotes from Plutarch's lives to make your illustrations. In the comparison identify the affects that each speaker had on his audiences, legislative bodies, and on the support or opposition of people in powerful positions.

Essay Topic 2

Cleomenes fled to Ptolemy and was protected, but Pompey fled to Ptolemy and was given up to be murdered. Compare and contrast the two situations for which Cleomenes and Pompey fled to Ptolemy and give reasons why Ptolemy would protect Cleomenes but betray Pompey.

Essay Topic 3

Antony used his position that he cultivated with Caesar to rise to power in a triumvirate with Octavius after Caesar's assassination. Detail how Antony rose to power during and after the reign of Julius Caesar and how he fell from that power. Explain how the circumstances of his fall showed a character flaw that could have been avoided, and detail the steps that Antony took to victimize himself to his own flaw.

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