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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Plutarch report of Cato during this civil war?
(a) He joined Caesar to benefit his career in the senate.
(b) He remained neutral only to be taken prison by Caesar after the war ended.
(c) He remained in the Senate to help keep peace in Rome.
(d) He fled with Pompey and stopped in Utica while Pompey proceeded to Greece.

2. Who does Plutarch report commissioned Caesar to travel to Spain?
(a) Pompey, who knew he needed Caesar's help.
(b) Cassius, who desired to remove Caesar's influence from the Senate.
(c) Crassus, who was the richest man in Rome.
(d) Cato, who saw the value of expanding the empire.

3. After his return from Spain, with whom does Plutarch claim Caesar took power over Rome in the Triumvirate?
(a) Antony and Octavius.
(b) Sylla and Nero.
(c) Brutus and Cassius.
(d) Crassus and Pompey.

4. According to Plutarch, when did Phocion rise to power in Athens?
(a) After Alexander had decided to invade Persia.
(b) As Greece was recovering from war with the Macedonians.
(c) As the ship of state in Athens was sinking.
(d) After the death of Eumenes.

5. How was Pompey acquitted of embezzlement that Plutarch reported was accused against his father after he died?
(a) Pompey pledged his loyalty to Sylla.
(b) Pompey set us his own slave as having stolen the funds.
(c) Pompey traced the thefts to a freed slave of his father's, named Alexander.
(d) Pompey proved his father was in Spain governing the Roman province when the money had disappeared.

6. What disaster does Plutarch report occurred on the day that Alexander was born that later added to the legend that he was a demi-god?
(a) The Temple of Diana burned down and a story was spread that it did so because Diana was attending the birth of Alexander.
(b) A Macedonian fleet survived a horrible storm at sea on the day Alexander was born.
(c) Lightning hit the area of the palace where Alexander's mother was giving birth.
(d) An earthquake shook the royal palace while Alexander was being born.

7. What did Plutarch report to be the result of Cato's management of the exchequer?
(a) Cato filled it with treasure and made it appear the state might be rich without oppressing the people.
(b) Cato was inundated with dealing with corruption and faced down opposition.
(c) Cato reduced taxes, but the senate was preoccupied with using the treasury for political favors.
(d) Cato served only briefly because of the corrupt expectations of the political system.

8. With whom does Plutarch report Agis ruled over the Lacedaemonians?
(a) Leonidas, son of Cleonymus.
(b) Agesilaus, his half brother.
(c) Lysander, a Spartan General.
(d) Cleomenes, husband to Agiatis.

9. How did Plutarch characterize Phocion's speech?
(a) "Never had anyone said so much to so many with so few words."
(b) "Few had ever said as much with a paucity of verbage."
(c) "...That even from his infancy, in his speech, his countenance, and all his childish pastimes, he discovered and inflexible temper,..."
(d) "...full of instruction, abounding in happy maxims and wise thoughts, but admitted no embellishment to its austere and commanding brevity."

10. Who was the Persian King that Plutarch reported Alexander defeated on his expedition to India?
(a) Antipater.
(b) Philip.
(c) Darius.
(d) Hercules.

11. What five qualities does Plutarch claim that Sertorius possessed in greater qualities than the other generals to whom Plutarch compared him?
(a) Contentment, faithfulness, mercy, prudence and judgment.
(b) Ferocity, integrity, honesty, nobility, and courage.
(c) Bravery, wisdom, frugality, humility, and foresightedness.
(d) Nobility, mercy honesty, faithfulness, and humility.

12. With whom did Pompey ally himself to overcome the reputation of his father, and who did Plutarch report they oppose in a civil conflict for power over Rome?
(a) Pompey allied himself with Caesar in an attempt to overthrow Sylla.
(b) Pompey allied himself with Metellus to overthrow Sertorius' rebellions in Spain.
(c) Pompey allied himself with Crassus to overthrow Caesar.
(d) Pompey allied himself with a very popular general named Sylla and they united their armies to oppose the tyrant, Carbo.

13. Where does Plutarch report Alexander died?
(a) Babylon.
(b) Persia.
(c) India.
(d) Athens.

14. What does Plutarch claim Caesar chose to do while Sylla's power reached its peak?
(a) He gathered forces to challenge Sylla with a civil war.
(b) He left Rome in exile.
(c) He contended with Caesar's power in the Senate.
(d) He joined a conspiracy with Brutus and Cassius to assassinate Sylla.

15. To whose death did Plutarch compare the death of Phocion?
(a) To Cato's.
(b) Aristotle's.
(c) To Sertorius'.
(d) To Caesar's.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what sort of activity did Eumenes get the attention of Philip of Macedon, according to Plutarch?

2. Who were they, and what were the nationalities of Alexander's parents, according to Plutarch?

3. There were 12 Roman Caesar's. Which one is Plutarch chronicling?

4. Who is the famous Roman General that Plutarch claims Sertorius outwitted during his exile in Spain?

5. What victory of Phocion over the Macedonians did Plutarch report as being that which earned the admiration of Philip, King of Macedon?

(see the answer keys)

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