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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Cato the Younger.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why does Plutarch claim Philip believed that Alexander was a demi-god?
(a) Because there were three omens that prophets interpreted that Alexander's birth was exalted.
(b) Because Philip had a dream about serpents sleeping with Olympia that were signs of Jupiter's presence.
(c) Because Alexander showed unnatural skill and intelligence from an early age.
(d) Because Philip once saw a serpent sleeping with his wife and he was advised by a pagan priest that the serpent was Ammon (Zeus, Jupiter) who had taken that form.

2. What came of Rome after Crassus died, according to Plutarch?
(a) Caesar conspired to have Pompey assassinated.
(b) It collapsed into a civil war between supporters of Caesar and Pompey.
(c) The Senate was split in its support for Caesar or Pompey.
(d) Pompey fled Rome out of fear of Caesar's desire to take total control.

3. What does Plutarch claim Aristotle provided that he considered, "...a perfect portable treasure of all military virtue and knowledge...."?
(a) Aristotle's maps of important sites in Persia.
(b) Aristotle's writings regarding the proper training and preparation of soldiers.
(c) Aristotle's collection of military histories.
(d) Aristotle's personally corrected copy of Homer's Illiads.

4. Who does Plutarch report commissioned Caesar to travel to Spain?
(a) Pompey, who knew he needed Caesar's help.
(b) Crassus, who was the richest man in Rome.
(c) Cato, who saw the value of expanding the empire.
(d) Cassius, who desired to remove Caesar's influence from the Senate.

5. According to Plutarch's report, how did Phocion become general more than 45 times?
(a) He subverted the commands of many generals.
(b) He was elected to lead the armies by free election.
(c) He sold his services to many land owners who needed protection.
(d) He was willing to fight for any kingdom that desired his services.

Short Answer Questions

1. What victory of Phocion over the Macedonians did Plutarch report as being that which earned the admiration of Philip, King of Macedon?

2. What did Plutarch report to be the result of Cato's management of the exchequer?

3. What are the character qualities Plutarch attributes to Cato from infancy?

4. How did Plutarch compare Sertorius and Eumenes in their views of war?

5. Who does Plutarch report took in Cato and his siblings after they were orphaned, and for what was this person known?

(see the answer key)

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