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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who does Pascali follow?

2. Why do Pascali and Bowles meet with Izzet at the hotel?

3. What does Pascali think Lydia has been doing?

4. Who does Pascali see talking to the person Pascali is following?

5. How does Pascali close his report?

Short Essay Questions

1. How is the previous foreshadowing come to completion in this final section?

2. How does the symbolism in this section express the duality of the natures of both Bowles and Pascali?

3. Is there anything in this section that gives a different view of Bowles and perhaps makes him a more likable character?

4. By this section, can we be certain as to whether Pascali is a reliable narrator?

5. What is some information that Pascali has learned in this section and do you think any of the information will determine a course of action for Pascali?

6. What do you think is one of the main purposes of this short chapter?

7. What is odd about Pascali's reaction to Bowles's not showing up for the meeting?

8. What does Pascali take from Bowles' room and why does this show a different side of Pascali?

9. What do you think is Pascali's interpretation of the man he follows and sees laughing with Bowles?

10. What does Pascali seem to forget when he is rejoicing at the prospect of 150 liras?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Getting the most out of this novel requires some familiarity with the existing organization of Europe and the Middle East during the time period of the novel. Answer the following questions and write a well-developed, cohesive essay using examples from the text and your research or personal experience:

1. What was the Ottoman Empire? What time frame did it span? Who ruled the Empire?

2. What is the political relationships between the Ottoman Empire and major European Countries at that time--particularly to Germany and Britian.

3. How does the Ottoman Empire inform the plot and actions of this novel? Give examples.

Essay Topic 2

There seems to be a high level of tension on this Greek Island as there are rebel forces wanting to overthrow the occupation government (that of the Ottoman Empire). Answer the following questions and write a well-developed, cohesive essay using examples from the text and your research or personal experience:

1. What are some of the scenes that show the tension between the rebels and the powers in control of the island? Who seems to have the upper hand? Why?

2. What imagery throughout the book supports the idea of rebellion and change? Give specific examples.

3. If you were asked to predict how likely it is that this island would revert back to Greek control, what would you answer? Why? Give specific examples.

Essay Topic 3

In Section 5, Pascali notes his position of "utriusque capex" in both religion and sexuality. Choose one of the following questions and write a well-developed, cohesive essay using examples from the text and your research or personal experience:

1. Research and define the phrase "utriusque capax." What language is it? Why would Pascali be using this language? How is this phrase apropos for Pascali? Give specific examples.

2. The phrase "utriusque capax" is used in a few fields--psychology (Jungian), alchemy and music. Choose one of these areas and discuss what the phrase means in that field giving specific examples.

3. It seems that a person who is able to be capable of both (a loose translation of the phrase "utriusque capax") would make an excellent spy. Choose to defend or argue against that idea using examples from the text and personal knowledge.

(see the answer keys)

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