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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many virtues does Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

2. According to Cicero, what can one NOT be without being intelligent?

3. In "On Duties," what will wise rulers win from their subjects?

4. Who favored Cicero?

5. What does Grant state Cicero was excellent at doing?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the intellectual goods that bring happiness, according to "Discussions at Tusculum"?

2. What three things did Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

3. How did Cicero popularize many ideas and with whom?

4. What was Cicero's opinion of Caesar?

5. How did Cicero feel about statesmanship?

6. Describe what the series of arguments in "On Duties" discusses.

7. What type of system of government did Cicero prefer in "On Duties"?

8. How do wise rulers win their subjects, according to Cicero?

9. How was Cicero received by the public?

10. What style did Cicero write in and why?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the ending opinions and arguments of Crassus and Antonius in On the Orator. Explain why Crassus is disappointed with Antonius' thinking.

Essay Topic 2

Explain Cicero's philosophy in comparison to the Greek's philosophy. Discuss how they are similar and how they differ.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss what qualities Cicero outlines a good and effective ruler needs to have. Explain how Cicero's outline is a direct response to the condition of the governmental rule of the time in which Cicero writes.

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