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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why is statesmanship destroyed, according to "On Duties"?
(a) Because no one desires it anymore.
(b) It isn't destroyed.
(c) Because the opportunities of statesmanship are destroyed.
(d) Caesar eliminates its possibility to continue.

2. In "On Duties," what will wise rulers win from their subjects?
(a) Respect.
(b) Affection.
(c) Love.
(d) Fear.

3. According to "Discussions at Tusculum," what did all Greek schools of philosophy agree on?
(a) That good lives require posessions.
(b) That good lives require being morally good.
(c) That good lives cannot exist.
(d) That good lives require friends.

4. What did an ancient ethical view believe was necessary for happiness?
(a) Friends.
(b) Being positive.
(c) Being true to oneself.
(d) Stability.

5. According to Cicero, in "On Duties," what does he feel is more effective in inspiring confidence?
(a) Goodwill.
(b) Justice.
(c) Love.
(d) Praise.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many miles was the setting of "Discussions at Tusculum" from Cicero's home?

2. According to the Stoics, what was the faculty that was unique to humans?

3. What are external goods merely considered to be by Cicero?

4. According to Cicero, what will breed resentment in a ruler's subjects?

5. Which of the following are not needed to obtain moral goodness, according to Cicero in "On Duties"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are 'preferables,' 'unpreferables,' and 'indifferents' according to the Stoics?

2. Describe how Cicero perceived philosophy.

3. How did Cicero define the 'recipe' to obtain a stable regime in "On Duties"?

4. How did Cicero contradict the entire first chapter "Discussions at Tusculum"?

5. What type of system of government did Cicero prefer in "On Duties"?

6. What were Cicero's attitudes about human rights?

7. Describe what Cicero said about justice and intelligence, in "On Duties."

8. Describe what Cicero insinuated about Caesar, in "On Duties".

9. How did Cicero popularize many ideas and with whom?

10. What does Discussions at Tusculum discuss?

(see the answer keys)

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