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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Aristotle states, in Book VIII, that friendship is a kind of what?
(a) Divinity.
(b) Virtue.
(c) Vice.
(d) Pleasure.

2. Which of the following intellectual virtues does Aristotle say the incontinent person cannot have, at the beginning of VII.10?
(a) Art.
(b) Intellect.
(c) Practical judgment.
(d) Knowledge.

3. What sort of people does Aristotle state seldom turn up in positions of power?
(a) The friendless.
(b) The vicious.
(c) The incontinent.
(d) The virtuous.

4. How many kinds of things does Aristotle say there are that must be avoided, having to do with one's character?
(a) Five.
(b) Three.
(c) A thousand.
(d) Twelve.

5. For what does Aristotle blame people when it comes to money, honor, victory, and gain?
(a) Feigning interest in their acquisition.
(b) Condemning those who seek them.
(c) Desiring them in any way.
(d) Desiring them to excess.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Aristotle discuss as being an impediment to happiness, despite many having an opinion to the contrary, in VII.13?

2. Aristotle compares the relationship between spiritedness and reason to the relationship between what?

3. How many things does Aristotle state there are in the soul that govern action and truth?

4. What determines the proper level of affection that one ought to give another, according to Aristotle?

5. Whom does Aristotle cite as saying that those who claim that favor-doers are more loving than favor-receivers say so from a debased point of view?

Short Essay Questions

1. In what way does Aristotle agree with Socrates concerning knowledge and moral action?

2. Why is it said by Aristotle that the lesser types of friendship are called friendship only insofar as they resemble the highest?

3. Give an example of something affirmed by knowledge, as that which cannot be otherwise than it is.

4. Why does Aristotle state that words concerning feelings and actions are less believable than actions themselves?

5. For Aristotle, in what does the relationship between man's nature and his need for friends consist?

6. What characterizes the blame put upon people who are in animal-like conditions, according to Aristotle's perspective?

7. What is one reason Aristotle gives for which someone ought not to treat former friends in some way different than strangers if the friendship was dissolved to to an excess of vice?

8. Why does Aristotle end his discussion of ethics by beginning a discussion of politics?

9. Why does Aristotle state that pleasure is not a motion?

10. Why is it that having friends in a time of one's good fortune is, in the philosophy of Aristotle, more beautiful than in other times?

(see the answer keys)

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